RESCAP: RESCuing Alkaline Phosphatase, is an endogenous enzyme that is commonly present and prevents and treats ischemia-reperfusion damage under health conditions. Following major surgery the endogenous supply however may become limiting, thereby rendering a potentially life threatening clinical condition. RESCAP intervention peri- and post-surgery solves this clinical problem.
What is RESCAP®?
Alloksys Life Sciences developed the therapeutic RESCAP® platform based on Alkaline Phosphatase (AP), a naturally occurring protein in the human body.
RESCAP® is capable of preventing adverse downstream complications like tissue damage, systemic inflammations and organ failure during and after major surgery.
No adverse side effect has been observed in trials so far.
How does RESCAP® work?
RESCAP® works as prophylactic and therapeutic anti-inflammatory protein that prevents and treats ischemic injury.
RESCAP® prevents ischemic injury by neutralising and detoxifying inflammatory triggers that may derail the immune system. These triggers include danger signals (e.g. ATP released from tissue during surgery) and stranger signals (e.g. bacterial LPS entering body). This results in general protection of tissues and organs.
RESCAP® further protects, maintains and restores integrity of physiological barriers, such as Kidney Glomerulus Barrier (KGB), Blood Brain Barrier(BBB), Lung Alveolar Barrier(LAB), Gut Barrier (GB) and Placental Barrier (PB).
Finally, RESCAP® facilitates transport of nutrients and trophins across barriers.
What are the Effects of RESCAP®?
Among the most beneficial characteristics of RESCAP® are the fast onset of action and quick clearance from the body. In acute settings RESCAP® triggers enhanced endogenous production of AP by the body thereby boosting innate defence systems.
RESCAP® also has potential applications in the prevention and curing of chronic inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cystic Fibrosis, Diabetes and neuro-degenerative diseases. Those opportunities are exploited by sister company AMRIF.
bRESCAP®
bRESCAP® is based on calf intestine from BSE free countries. It has a fast onset of action, a high dosing efficacy and a short residence time in the body (half life of a few minutes), which makes bRESCAP® ideal for acute clinical disorder treatments.
Currently Alloksys is focused on the Ph lll trial of bRESCAP® in open heart surgery (APPIRED-III) and a phase II trial in the treatment of post surgical complications (APTREAT). During the next stage further major surgery applications will be developed.
hRESCAP®
Alloksys’ proprietary human recombinant RESCAP® is produced on Alloksys’ proprietary CAP-9 cell platform. It has a longer residence period in the body, a half life of 6 days, making it specifically suited for longer term treatments of chronic diseases.
Sister company AMRIF develops treatments for chronic inflammatory diseases based on hRESCAP®.
References
Keizer, H. et al. Safety and efficacy data of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study with the biological response modifier “bRESCAP” in patients undergoing cardiac surgery (APPIRED II) (2021, Integrative Clinical Medicine, DOI: 10.15761/ICM.1000193
Poschner, T. et al Impact of Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Alkaline Phosphatase Metabolism after Cardiac Surgery. (2021, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, x. https://doi.org/10.3390)
Anne-Kristin Schaefer, Doris Hutschala, Martin Andreas, Martin Bernardi, Ruud Brands, Shiva Shabanian, Günther Laufer, Dominik Wiedemann. Decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase and prognostic relevance in adult cardiopulmonary bypass. Short title: Alkaline phosphatase in cardiac surgery Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery (2020) 1–8
Presbitero et al 2018 Supplemented Alkaline Phosphatase supports the immune response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: Clinical and Computational evidence. Frontiers Immunology 2018
Davidson et al., 2017 Alkaline Phosphatase in infant cardiopulmonary bypass: Kinetics and Relationship to organ injury and major cardiovascular events. Journal of paediatrics 2017
Lalles et al, 2014 Overview of Alkaline Phosphatase activities
Fawley et al., Overview of the role of Alkaline Phosphatase in clinical diseases:
Kats et al., Prophylactic treatment with alkaline phosphatase in cardiac surgery induces endogenous alkaline phosphatase release. Int. J. Artificial Organs 2012; 35 (2): 144-151
Pike et al., A novel hypothesis for an alkaline phosphatase ‘rescue’ mechanism in the hepatic acute phase immune response. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Dec;1832(12):2044-56
Fiechter et al. Bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase reduces inflammation after induction of acute myocardial infarction in mice. Cardiology Research 2011; 2(5):236-242
Kats et al. Endotoxin release in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass: pathophysiology and possible therapeutic strategies. An update. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011; Apr; 39(4):451-8